EDU 201 Learning Theory midterm past paper

EDU 201 Learning Theory midterm  past paper
Reward System promotes …
“Learning”
Question No.2 Marks1

Enabling the transition from one stage to another is called.
“Adaptation”
Question No.3: Marks1

In the …. Age the child age is 7-11 years old referred as:
“Concrete operational”
Question No.4: Marks1

……….. Create mental tools with transform our mental works.
“Culture”
Question No. 5: Marks1

All knowledge is situated in …………….. That occurs in its social context.
“Activity”
Question No.6: Marks1

Situated cogitation emphasis on ……….
“Perception”
Question No.7: Marks1

There are components of Maslow’s hierarchy needs:
“Five”
Question No.8: Marks1

In ………….. The first intelligence test was developed.
“1904”
Question No 09: Marks1


“Students environmental preference for learning” referred as:
“Multidimensional and instructional theories”
Question No 10:Marks1
In the ……………learning involves using theories, logic and ideas rather than feelings, to understand problems or situations.
“Abstract conceptualization”
Subjective Part

Question No 11: Marks 2
What are the Two Components of LTM?

Rote learning learning through undrestanding
Question No. 12: Marks 3
Define the importance of learning theories?

Key Value 1

- Gives language and a conceptual framework for understanding the examples of learning that we observe.

Key value 2

 Suggests where to look for solutions to practical problems.

Importance of Learning theories.

 Provides better idea of purpose behind teaching and learning.

 Equips the teacher to meet the learning needs of learners effectively.

 Enhances teaching and learning by providing guidelines to different methods of teaching and use of instructional resources including technology.

Question No.14: Marks 2
Define reflective observations?

In this stage of the learning cycle, people understand ideas and situations from different points of view.

- In a learning situation the learner would rely on patience, objectivity and careful judgment but would not necessarily take any action.

- The learners would rely on their own thoughts and feelings in forming opinions.

- In the example, after finishing tutorial, the students reflects on what they did, makes observations and discusses how they went with their teacher

Question No.15: Marks 5
Explain Fleming VAK VARK Model?

Perceptual strength relates to auditory, visual, tactual or kinesthetic learning.

- Fleming (1987) developed a list of perceptual factors designed to help students learn more about their individual learning preferences.

- Neil Fleming’s VARK model is one of the most popular representations.

- Identifies 4 learning preferences:

1. Visual

2. Auditory

3. Read/write

4. Kinesthetic

Question No.17: Marks 5
Explain Schema yours own words?

“A cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information”.

In the psychology of learning, schemas refer to how you develop what you know about a topic or concept and how you integrate new information

 2.dual coding theory

He proposed that presenting information both visually and verbally enhances recognition and recall. We have two keys of processing information:

1. Visual Channel

2. Verbal Channel

- When both visual and verbal representations are used, people both process and remember the information more effectively.

- Paivio’s work has implications in many areas including human factors, interface design as well as the development of educational materials.

3.instructor role

Move away from providing and structuring information.

- Focus on modeling, coaching and scaffolding.

- Create knowledge to solve contextual real-life problems.

 4.concrete and formal learner difference

5. affiliation affected relation between teacher and student

Provide positive comments and feedback rather than negative.

- Teacher personality: empathetic, considerate and interested in the individual, patient, fair, positive attitude, good listener.

- Use one-on-one instruction.

- Get to know students (like, dislikes, concern)

- Be available for students in need.

- Listen to student

7. Left brain function

2:sitauted learning

Four concepts:

o Context (environment, setting)

o Content (concepts, activities, situations)

o Facilitation (internalize, information)

o Assessment (cognitive growth)

3:Self Actaulaization

According to humanistic psychologists, we are motivated not merely to survive, but to become better and better.

- This process is called self-actualization.

- Personal growth and fulfillment moving towards bigger goal.

According to Huitt (2001) people act with intentionality and values
5:evalution of constructivism

 Evolution of Constructivism

- The concept of constructivism has roots in classical antiquity.

- Goes back to Socrates’s dialogue – asked his followers directed questions that led students to realize for themselves the weaknesses in their thinking.

- Socrates claimed that basic conditions for learning exist in the cognition of the individual (Kanuka & Anderson, 1998)

- It was Piaget’s theory of intellectual growth that had the primary influence on the development of current positions.

- Specifically, Piaget first emphasized the processes of conceptual change as interactions between existing cognitive structures and new experience

- In recent times, John Dewey and Jean Piaget developed theories of childhood development and education (what we now call progressive education) that led to the evolution of constructivism.

1.      Define self esteem

.

- Develop new knowledge based on background knowledge so as to help to ensure success

- Pace instruction to fit individual need

- Focus on strengths and assets

Respect from others

- Develop a classroom environment where students are positive and nonjudgmental.

- Develop and carry out a curriculum to encourage children to be emphatic and good listeners.

- Employ cooperative learning in such a way as to develop trust between group members.

- Involve students in activities of importance and worthiness.

- For instance, cleaning up the environment, carrying out a clothes drive for the needy.

2.      What are two information styles?

3.      a) Analytic – prefer details

4.      b) Global – prefer the big picture

5.      what are activities included in thinking ?

6.      Explain Eureka Effect

Hiero II asked Archimedes to find a method for determining whether a crown was pure gold or mixed with silver.

• While taking a bath in bath tub he realized that a given weight of silver would displace more water than an equal weight of gold.

• At this point the shouted, “EUREKA” (I have found it!)

• Discovery learning is based on this “Aha!” method.

• This Aha! Moment occurs when a learner finally comes across the answer to a problem on their own and when things suddenly begin to make sense.

• --- although in some of out classrooms, “Aha!” sounds more like, Aaaaaahhhhh

7.      Explain Maria montessori work

Children teach themselves:

This simple but profound truth inspired Montessori’s lifelong pursuit of furthering the self-creating process of the child

 Environment

Materials

Teacher’s role

8.      Differnciate b/w Accomodator and Diverge OR Assimilator and Converge Theories

Accommodator-CE/AE (feeling and doing)

- Is a hands-on learner

- Likes to take new challenges

- Is a team worker relies more on intuition than logic

- Is target oriented depends on others for problem solving

Diverger-CE/RO

- Likes to watch more than do

- Is sensitive, emotional and creative

- Prefers group work

- Uses own imagination for problem solving

- Shows open mind and accepts personal feedback

9.      Maslow theory levels

1. Physiological needs

2. Safety needs

3. Affiliation and affection

4. Esteem needs

     5. Self actualization

10.  Fleming Model explain

Perceptual strength relates to auditory, visual, tactual or kinesthetic learning.

- Fleming (1987) developed a list of perceptual factors designed to help students learn more about their individual learning preferences.

- Neil Fleming’s VARK model is one of the most popular representations.

- Identifies 4 learning preferences:

1. Visual

2. Auditory

3. Read/write

4. Kinesthetic

11.  When Humanistic approach developed

The approach emphasizes individual’s natural motivation towards creativity and self actualization 

1350 and 1650  by moslow

12.  Advantage of visual style

makes recollection easier when in an environment which is different from where you had learned the information

13.  benefits  of situated cognition

14. information processing?

15. preoperation characteristics?

Begins to use language

- Egocentric thinking: difficulty seeing things from other viewpoints

- Classifies objects by single features – example, color.

- Develops capability of symbolic thought- however thinking still quite different from adults.

16. thinking characteristics?

The process of thinking includes the activities of:

- Perception of external stimuli.

- Encoding it, and

- Storing the perceived and encoded data in one’s brain.

LTM two Components

Rote Learning

- Learning through repetition.

- Mechanical and requires little understanding (e.g. learning multiplication tables)

Learning through Understanding

- Learning and remembering by understanding the relationships among ideas and information.

- Both types of learning and memory are useful and often are used together.